Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain that follows the Citric Acid Cycle?

The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is oxygen. During cellular respiration, electrons are transferred through a series of protein complexes within the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons move down the chain, they lose energy, which is harnessed to pump protons across the membrane, creating a proton gradient. This gradient then drives the synthesis of ATP.

At the end of the electron transport chain, oxygen interacts with the electrons and protons to form water. This process is crucial because, without oxygen to accept the electrons, the entire chain would become clogged, preventing further ATP production. This mechanism highlights the essential role of oxygen not just in energy production but also in maintaining the flow of electrons through the chain, ensuring cellular respiration can continue efficiently.