Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the activity of the Citric Acid Cycle?

Insulin plays a crucial role in stimulating the activity of the Citric Acid Cycle, particularly after a meal when glucose levels in the blood rise. When insulin is secreted from the pancreas in response to increased blood sugar, it promotes the uptake of glucose by cells, and as glucose enters cells, it is converted into acetyl-CoA. This conversion is a key substrate that feeds into the Citric Acid Cycle, allowing for increased production of ATP, which is essential for cellular energy.

Furthermore, insulin enhances the activity of enzymes involved in the cycle, promoting the overall catabolic processes that generate energy from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In the presence of insulin, the body shifts towards states of storage and energy production, facilitating the continuation of metabolic pathways like the Citric Acid Cycle.

The physiological effects of other hormones listed, such as glucagon and adrenaline, generally focus on mobilizing energy stores when the body is in a fasting state or under stress, which do not enhance the Citric Acid Cycle to the same extent as insulin.